Ignition apparatus



j. BIJUR. IGNITION APPARATUS.

APPLICATIGEI FILED APR. 26, 1915. RENEWEb JUNE 9, m9.

gamma I It.) 1% Wm; w NI m Patented Feb. 10, 1920.

the following specification is a full disclo- UNITED s'rarns PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH BIJUB, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., assrenbn, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0,]3IJUR MOTOR APPLIANCE CDMPANY, A CORPORATION DELAWARE.

IGNITION APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented F b 10 1920 Applicationfiled April 26, 1915, Serial No. 23,929. Renewed-Tune 9. 1919. Serial No. 303.000.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH BIJUR, a citizen of the United States, and residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Ignition Apparatus, of which sure.

This invention relates to ignition appaof internal combustion engines, characterized by improved efficiency in action. Another object is to provide apparatus of the above type in which the time of ignition is automatically proportioned to the speed of the engine. Another object is to provide ignition apparatus which automatically varies the time of'sparkin to suit certain condither objects will be in v part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter. I

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinat ons of elements, and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter described and the scope of the appli- Re, erring' now to the accompanying cation of which will be indicated in the followin claims.

drawing in which is shown one of various possible embodiments of the various fea- 'tures ofthis invention, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic plan. of the same, certain'parts 'being cut away to disclose the structure more clearly.- Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view indicating-the action of certain parts.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout both views of the drawing.

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawing, there is diagrammatically indicated at 1 an internal combustion engine, the secondary ignition circuit 2 being operatively related thereto through spark plugs and the like.

The secondary coil 3 positioned in circuit 2 is inductively related to a primary C011 4 to form conjointly an induction coil. A storage battery or other source of current 5 is provided with a circuit comprising the switch 6 and coil 4 as well as the conductors 7 and 8 leading through a casing 9 and insulated therefrom as indicated at 10. This casing is so mounted as to swing about the axis 11 of a shaft 12, preferably by means of'a tuably provided to reduce friction; The roller 18 is held against the cam as by means of a fiat spring 19, and shaft 12, being driven from the engine 1, oscillates the lever 16 as the roller rides over the cam portions 15. It

will be understood that a suitable gearing is employed betweenthe shaft 12 and the en' gine so that the parts 15 cause an oscillation of the lever 16 for each charge to be eX- ploded in the engine cylinders.

The conductors 7 and 8 are respectively connected with the pivot pin 17 and a pivot pin 20 of a lever 21. Mounted upon lever 21 is a contact 22 which coactswithavcontact 23 adj ustably mounted upon the lever 16, and it will be seen from the above circuits that as these contacts separate the current is 'intere rupted in 0011 1, giving rise to an impulse 1n the secondary coil 3. It 18 to be noted that a condenser 21 is preferably bridged about this point of interruption in order to reduce sparking. Contact 22 is normally .urged against the contact 23 by spring 25 which is of sufficient strength to cause a firm engagement but not to overcomesprmg 19 and urge roller 18 away from the cam. In

this embodiment of the invention, there is formed upon the end of lever 21, remote from contact 22, a weight 26, the movement of .which is limted by an adjustable stop screw27 in the casing Considering now the action of the above described devices and assuming the casing 9 to be held in position by spring 28 urging the arm 29 against a set screw 30, it will be seen that, switch 6 being closed and the engine being in action, there is a constant oscillation of the lever 16 due to the action of the cam parts 15 as above described. As each oscillation occurs, and the roller 18 starts to travel away from the axis 11, the contact 22 first follows the contact 23. This following movement, however, due to the substantial inertia of the weight 26 and the comparative weakness of spring 25, is notrapid and at a certain stage of speed or acceleration of the lever 16 the contact 23 leaves contact 22, thus I, interrupting the circuit through the coil 1. At a later stage, after "swinging movement of the lever 16.

the interruption has occurred, the contacts.

22 and 23 again swing into engagement and the parts again assume the (position indi 'cated in the drawing," this-cycle of actions being repeated each timea cam portion coacts with the roller 18.

As above noted, the time of interruption ofthe circuit depends upon the degree of speed or, in this case, acceleration, of the This fact is-utilized to attain an important result.

The curve 31 of each cam portion 15 is so 1 -=formed that the radii from its surface to the axis 11 increase, and increase at an increasing rate. Referring to Fig. 2 of the draw ings, this curve 31 is for the sake of render ing this matter clear, developed to gain a similar motion with a rectilinear movement. Assuming that the curve 31 in Fig. 2 travels in the direction indicated by the arrow 32 and that the roller 18 be moved thereby in.

' the direction. indicated by arrow 33, this I their upward movement, there is, of course,

upon the engine speed.

curve is thus upwardly concave and hence, with a regular'and uniform motion of the curve, the part 18 would be raised not only with increasing speed but with increasing acceleration, and the curve is so shaped as to get this effect. Assuming now. that a certain speed or acceleration of the contact 23 is required to have it leave contact 22 in a corresponding speed requisite with the roller 18. To recur for the moment to Fig. 2, and assume that a certain upward speed of the part 18 is required, this speed will be attained at different points of the curve in accordance with the speed of'movement of the latter toward the right. For example, if the curve 31 in Fig. 2 will move at a moderate rate toward the right, the critical upward speed of the part 18 might be reached at the dotted position 34. If the speed of movement of the curve 31 were extremely rapid, the critical speed of part 18 might. be reached at 35 and, on the other. hand. if it were extremely slow, the part 18, might not reach its critical rate until 1t enhigh engine speed the cam portion 15 might become effective to break the ignition circuit when its radius 37 contacts the roller 18; that is,,sliortly after the latter-has left the concentric portion 38. On the other hand, if the speed of the engine were extremely slow, the cam portion 15 might not cause interruption until its radius 39 had coacted with the roller 18. r

It will thusbe seen that according as the speed of the engine becomes greater, .the

time of sparking is automatically advanced It is tobe noted that with the above embodiment something more than a mere increase in speed of swinging of the lever 16 is required,inasmuchas spring 25 will slowly accelerate weight 26, but the curve' as above noted may be so proportioned that the rate of acceleration as well as rate of speed will be such as to cause a separation of the contacts automatically at the proper point, in accordance with the engine speed. It is also to be noted at this point, that although certain advantages inhere in the above inertia actlng retarding means, nevertheless other devlces, such as a dash .pot or a voltage magnet connected across the battery, might be employed to accomplish this end.

. Considering now certain stages of motion of the engine, there are here provided'means for rendering the action of the ignition apparatus automatic in the face of changes other than those of engine speed.

Diagrammatically indicated at a0 is the fuel controlling apparatus for the engine-1,

' preferably a rod leading to the engine throttle. Rigidly pinned to this rod is an arm 41 beneath which is mounted a dash pot 42. Arm 4:1 is provided with a downward extension 43 terminating in a p'istond t fitting the dash pot 42. Pivoted beneath dash pot 42 at 45 is a sleeve latch 46 which is normally supported by a light spring 47 connected between the end of the'arm 41 and weight 46* on thelatch, as shown. Passing loosely through an opening 48 in the latch d6 is.a rod 49 which is pivotally connected with an arm 50 of the casing 9. Assuming now that the gas supply of the engine be increased as by a movement of the part 40, as is indicated by arrow 51, there is a tendency of the latch 6 with its weight 46 to lag, due to its inertia, into the position indicated. in dotted lines at 52. .In this position it grips about orbinds on the'rod 49, forcing it upward and swinging the casing9 about the axis 11, this being permitted by the spring 28. This action swings the roller 18 with the casing in the direction of rotation of cam 1t and hence retards the time of actuation of the interrupting device with respect to the cycle of the engine. In this manner, the first few explosions following an increase of gas supply are automatically provided with a delayed or retarded ignition-until the engine can. come up to the speed corresponding with such supply.

After the part *0, assuming it to have been moved as above. has come to rest, the

' dash pot 2&2 slowly moves from the piston 44 to a sufficient extent to relieve the hold .of latch 46 on rod49. The parts are then in the position indicated in Fig. 1 of the drawpiston and returns the parts to their norinal position.

It is to be noted that a sudden movement of rod 40 in the opposite direction, that is, to cut down orcut off gas, has

no effect on the part 49 and the devices connected therewith.

It will thus be seen that there is an. automatically device and it is to be noted that the term interrupt is used herein in a broad sense to denote an interruption of effective flow, whether the current be entirely cut off or not. It is also to be noted that the features of the above apparatus which deal with.

, automatic'regulation of the time of ignition.

for engine speed are of value Without the device for affecting it by increase of gas Supply and, on the other hand, the latter device is of value with other forms of automatically or manually timed interrupters, but there are certain advantages in using both of these devices in conjunction one with another.

It will thus be seen that there is provided apparatus in which the several objects of this invention are achieved. I

As many changes might be made in the above construction, and as many apparently different embodiments might be made of this invention without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all features here: in described or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus revealed this invention, I.

claim as new and desire to secure the fol- L or equiva lents thereof, by Letters Patent of H the United States:

1. In ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines, in combination, an electric circuit comprising a' pair of coacting contacts, an engine-driven device adapted with uniform engine speed to move one of said contacts'in a direction away from the other at an increasing rate of speed, and means adapted to causethe other contact to follow the same at a: restricted rate of speed.

2. In ignition apparatus for internal com bustion engines, in combination, an electriccircuit comprising a pair of coacting contacts, an engine-driven device adapted with uniform engine speed to move one of said contacts in a direction away from the other at an increasing rate of speed, means adapted to cause the other'contact to follow said first contact, and means adapted to retard the following action of said second contact.

j. contacts in providedtnned circuit interrupting.

3. In ignition apparatus for internal combnstionengines, in combination, an electric circu t comprising a pair of coa'cting con tacts, an engine-driven device adapted with ,to'follow at a restricted rate of acceleration.

4. In ignition apparatus for internal. combustion engines, in combination, an electric circuit comprising a pair of coacting contacts,

an engine-driven device adapted with uniform engine speed to move one of said contacts in a direction 'away from the other at an increasing rate of acceleration, means adapted to cause the other contact to follow said first contact, and means adapted to retard the following action of said second contact.

5. In ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines, in combination, an inter rupting device for an electric circuit, comprising a pair of relatively separable coacting contacts, and means including an inertiacontrolled member governing the time of separation of said contacts. j

6. In ignition apparatus for internal com,- bustion engines, in coitihination, an internal combustion engine, an interrupting device. for an electric circuitin the ignition appa ratus of said engine, said interrupting device being driven from said engine and said electriccircuit comprising a pair of relatively separable coacting contacts, and means including an inertia-controlled member governing the time of separation'ofs a id automatically to change, in accordance with the speed -'of the engine, the point of said fc-am which is effective to separate said contacts.

8. In ignitionapparatus for internal combustion engines, in. combination, an electric circuit comprising a pair of contacts, both 'of which are movable in the same direction, said contacts being relatively separable to interrupt said circuit, a cam, and means driven from said cam adapted to move one of said contacts, said cam being so shaped as with a uniform rate of movement to cause an increasing rate of movement of the contact moved thereby.

9. In ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines, in combination, an electric circuit comprising a pair of contacts both of which are' movable in the same direction,

said contacts being relatively separable to interrupt said circuit, a cain, means driven from said cam adapted to move one of said contacts, said cam being so shapedas with a uniform- -rate of movement to cause an inc-r'easing rate of movement of the contact ;moved thereby, andineans adaptedftocause the remaining contact to follow at a restricted rate of speed.

10.111 ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines. in combination, an electric circuit comprising a pair of contacts both of which are movable in the same direction, said contacts being relatively separable .to interrupt said circuit, a cam, means driven from said cam adapted to move one of said contacts, said cam being so shaped as \vitlra uniform rate of movement to cause an increasing rate of movement of the contact moved thereby, means adapted to cause the remaining contact to follow said first contact, and means adapted to retard said following movement.

1 1. In ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines, in combination, an electric circuit comprising a pair of contacts both ofvvhich are movable in the same direction, said contacts being relatively separable'to interrupt said-circuit, a cam, means.

driven from said cam adapted to move one of 'saidcontacts, said cam being so shaped as with a uniform rate of movement to cause an increasing rate of movement of the 'contact moved thereby, means adapted to cause the remaining contactto folloiv said first contact, and inertia-governed means tending to restrict said following action.

12. In ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines, in combination, an iiiternal combustion engine, an electric cir such a curve as rapidly to increase the rate "of-movement of said first contact With a.

uniform rate of movement of the cam, means-tending to cause said second contact to follow said first contact, and means adapted to retard said following action.

In ignitionapparatus for internal combustioniengines, in combination', an in ternal combustion engine. means adapted to cause ignition of the charges of said engine, means controlling the fuel supply of said engine, and means adapted automatically to retard the time of ignition as' the fuel;

supply is increased.

14;. In ignitipn apparatus for internal combustion engines, in combination, an internal combustion engine, means adapted to cause ignition of the charges of said engine,

manuallv controlled means controlling the fuel supply of said engine, and"means adapted automatically to give a temporary ternal combustion engine, means adapted to cause ignition of the charges of said engine, means controlling the fuel supply of said engine, means adapted automatically to give a temporary retardation to the time of ignition of said engine as its fuel supply is increased, and ,ineans adapted automatically to restore said time of ignition.

16.,1111 ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines, in combination, an internal combustion engine, means adapted to cause ignition of the charges of said'engine, means controlling the fuel supply of. said engine, means adapted automatically toretard the time of ignition as, the fuel supply is increased, andmeans adaptedautomati ally to advance the time ofignition as .the speed of the engine increases.

17. In ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines, in combination, an internal combustion engine, means adapted to cause ignition of the charges of said engine, means controlling the fuel supplyof said engine, means adapted automatically to give a temporary retardation to the time of ignition of said engine as .its fuel supply is increased. and meansadapted automatically to advance the time of ignition as the speed of the engine increases.

18. In ignition apparatus 'for internal combustion engines. in combination. an internal combustion engine, means adapted to cause ignition of the charges of said engine, means controlling the fuel supply of said engine, means adapted temporarily to connect said fuel controlling device with said ignition device as'the supply of fuel is increased and move said ignition device to retard 'the' time of ignition, means adapted automatically to break said connection 'sub-' sequent, to the movement of the fuel controlling device, and means adapted to restore the parts totheir original position.

19. In ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines, in combination, an internal combustion engine, means adapted to cause ignition of the charges of said engine,

means controlling the fuel supply of said en gine, means adapted temporarili to connect said fuel controlling device with said ignition device as the supply of fuel is increased and move said ignition device'to retard the time of ignition, means adapted automatically to break said connection subsequent to the movement of the fuel controlling device. means adapted to restore the parts to their original position, and means adapted automatically to advance the time of ignition as the speed of the engine increases.

20. In ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines,-in Combination, an internal combustion engine, a member controlling the time of ignition of said engine,

a member controlling the fuel supply of said engine, a device adapted to permitv free.

movement of said first member in either direction, and a connection between said device and sald second member adapted 'to cause saiddevice to make connection with said first member upon'f said second memgib'e'r belng moved 1n a dlrectlon" to increase jthefuel supply ofsaid engine.

P21. In ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines, in combination, an electric clrcuit comprlslng apair of coacting adapted to vary the time of efi'ective action of said engine-driven device, means adapted to control the fuel supply of the'engine, and means, acting upon said time controlling device and adapted automatically to retard the time of ignition as the fuelsupply of said engine is increased: Y

22. In ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines, in combination, an elect-ric circuit, a circuit-interrupting device adapted-tobecome operative upon one of its members attain ng a certain speed, and engine driven means adapted with uniform engine speed'to move said member at an increasing rate of speed from its circuitgclosing position.

In Witness Where of, I hereuntosubscribe my name, as attested by-the two subscribing Witnesses. u

JOSEPH BIJUR.

Witnesses LEON MINTZ, R.- 'S. BLAIR. 

